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The power was collected by calculating the product of the output voltage and the current. Figures 5 and 6 shows the data collected on a period of four days. As stated before, the control has the lowest power compared to the rest of the data. In figure 3, the CuInS2 + TiO2 for one hour has the higher power compared to the rest of the collected data. The CuInSs has the lowest power. It clearly shows that the solar cells benefit from the application of the quantum dots.

     A General Linear Model was used to test the significance over multiple days against the control. The results of the analysis show that the engineering goal, to produce a sustainable solar cell design, was supported (F=16.66; DF=3; p<.000). There proved to be a significant increase in the quantum dot treatments after sitting overnight over the consecutive days. The results show that the quantum dots do not show signs of degradation, unlike commercial CdSe quantum dot solar cells in today’s market (Zyga, 2011).An ANOVA one-way test was used to determine significance of the quantum dot treatments against the control. Figure 7 is a boxplot comparing the power of each quantum dot treatment over 1, 2, and 4 hours. There proved to be significant increase in power in the         CuInS2 and TiO2 solar cells (F=22.67; DF= 3; p<.000).. The CuInS2 trials showed a decrease in the power factor across 1, 2, and 4 hours. The 4 hour trials also had a large variation during testing, which would conclude that there may be signs of over-heating during preparation. TiO2 trials were also significantly higher in power than the control, but slightly lower than CuInS2 trials at 1 hour. A combination of both of the treatments shows a notable increase in the power value at 1 hour, except at 2 and 4 hours. The sub-hypothesis, which states that CuInS2 quantum dots at 4 hours have a significant increase in power, was not supported (F=30.10; DF= 3; p<.000). Therefore, the 1 hour trials in CuInS2, with the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles, are the most efficient solar cell design to produce.

     The research hypothesis that stated that if CuInS2 and TiO2 nanoparticles are applied to the solar cell, then there will be a significant increase in power from the control was supported. Both nanoparticles had a significant increase in their power from the commercial solar cell. Specifically, the CuInS2 & TiO2 solar cells showed a significant increase from the control with an efficiency of 47%. Using a General Linear Model, it was also determined that the nanoparticles had a significant difference in power values during heat synthesis. In the CuInS2 trials, there was a decrease in power across 1, 2, and 4 hours. This is expected to be because of degradation in the crystal structure of the quantum dot. With the TiO2 trials, the 2 hours specifically had the lowest power output, which is also expected to be due to forms of degradation.

     





In order to get the power, first the output voltage and current had to be measured. The graphs of those are below. Although their data holds no heavy significance, you can still observe that most of the values increase after sitting overnight.



































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